Normal blood pressure is around 120/80 mmHg. Readings above 140/90 mmHg indicate hypertension. The condition often develops without noticeable symptoms.
Main causes:
- High salt intake
- Sedentary lifestyle
- Excess body weight
- Stress
- Smoking and alcohol
Diagnosis
Diagnosis includes:
- Regular blood pressure measurements
- Blood tests
- ECG
- Echocardiography
- 24-hour monitoring
Additional tests may include kidney and eye examinations.
Treatment
A comprehensive approach includes:
Medications:
- ACE inhibitors
- Beta-blockers
- Diuretics
- Calcium channel blockers
Lifestyle changes:
- Reduce salt intake
- Maintain a healthy diet
- Exercise regularly
- Quit smoking
Important Steps
- Monitor blood pressure regularly
- Manage stress
- Maintain a healthy weight
- Stay physically active
- Follow medical advice
Conclusion
Arterial hypertension is a serious but manageable condition. Early diagnosis and proper treatment help prevent complications.